Zendenc FLEXlm 7.2 cracking information. Zendenc FLEXlm 7.2 cracking information. Written by Nolan Blender Introduction This cracking information covers the cracking of the FLEXlm 7.2 package using the default encryption protection. Globetrotter has a new, improved Counterfeit Resistant Option which costs extra money - this essay does **not** cover this, as the Elliptic Curve Cryptography (the 'Security Builder' code) has not been analysed at the time of this writing. The target audience for this essay is experienced scene crackers who wish to have a quick and dirty way to get the encryption seeds from the latest versions of FLEXlm. A clear understanding of the current FLEXlm methods would help, and understanding how to use IDA and SoftICE is required.

License key for XYZZY expiry-date=2009-01-01 other-info=blah key=[md5 has of MAC. I've used both FLEXlm from Macrovision (formerly Globetrotter) and the newer. Accept that the crackers wouldn't have paid for the software anyway.

Target's URL/FTP Files you might need (): (534k). Essay FLEXlm keys are dependent on two secret values stored inside the licensing software - ENCRYPTION_SEED1 and ENCRYPTION_SEED2. These values are chosen by the software vendor who is integrating FLEXlm into their product. If these values are recovered, and no additional security measures (such as vendor defined checkouts, where additional checks are done against the license, or user crypt filters, where an additional layer of encryption is applied to the license key) are implemented, valid licenses can be generated for the target product. The methods used to hide the values of the FLEXlm keys have become more sophisticated, possibly as a response to crackers being able to extract the keys/generate new warez releases before some customers even see the software arrive at their door. Although there is a long history of improvements, I will only cover the most recent ones.

Currently the seeds are hidden by including special subroutines that generate the key data in the build of programs meant for distribution to end customers. One of the routines generates a version of the VENDORCODE structure that contains correct vendor keys, but incorrect encryption seeds. A second routine takes this data, and extracts the seeds, but splits the valid data between the job structure (a global data space used by Globetrotter to store state information of the current FLEXlm session) and the VENDORCODE structure. The data is recombined just before use in encryption or validation routines within FLEXlm.

A randomizing value (based on the time) is xored with both the value in the job structure and the value in the VENDORCODE structure in order to make it more difficult to retrieve the encryption seeds. Earlier versions of FLEXlm (6.1-7.0) contained an implementation weakness.

It was possible to recover the corrected seeds in the VENDORCODE structure by passing in a NULL pointer for the job structure into the recovery routine in lm_new. The easiest technique (although there are others) was to search for l_sg using IDA and the FLEXlm signatures, search for the call to the lm_new seed recovery routine (usually near the beginning of the l_sg routine, and a call to a pointer value). Using SoftICE, the program is loaded, then a breakpoint set at the point where the decoding routine is called. The pointer to the job structure, the first argument, is then replaced with a null pointer (0). The pointer to the vendorcode structure, the third argument, is examined, and the program stepped over the call to the lm_new routine. The VENDORCODE structure was examined after the call, and it then contains the correct seeds. Later versions of FLEXlm correct this problem by not filling in the correct seeds when a NULL pointer is passed in for the job structure.

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Instead, the subroutine makes no attempt to modify the seeds. How can the seeds be recovered in this instance? As it turns out, the algorithms used to distribute the data between the VENDORCODE and the job structures are quite simple and based only on the first character of the vendorname. Since lm_new.c is generated by lmrand2, it is possible to totally reverse engineer how the seeds are extracted, then write a program to recombine the data from the job structure and the vendorcode structure, and recover the seeds this way. The essay contains a detailed description of this. The program zendenc.exe is first loaded into IDA, then after the initial decompilation is complete, a search is done for a routine that does many calls to _time, which will be the lm_new routine. If we had the correct signature for that version, we could simply apply the signature in IDA, and locate l_sg, however since we don't we have to do it the hard way.